Annotated Bibliography 1
Source/ Bibliography:
Lochner, Samuel J., et al. “Parametric Design of Custom Foot Orthotic Model.” Computer-Aided Design & Applications, vol. 9, no.1, Jan. 2012, pp.1-11. EBSCOhost, doi:10.3722/cadaps.2012.1-11.
Summary:
Orthotics are devices used to treat numerous different medical issues pertaining to overall biomechanics, particularly issues in the foot. This common practice is very tedious and requires a deep level of knowledge. It is a very difficult process when completed manually, therefore, over the past few years technological advances have begun to replace the manual labor. In this article, the process of the digital analysis of the foot is described in detail and the advantages and disadvantages of the current technology used for foot orthotics is discussed. The article concluded that although the current technology is not accurate enough for medical implementation, the benefits of replacing manual labor include facilitating the processes in which orthotics are both designed and produced.
Potential Quotes:
“ Consequently, the cost of manufacturing orthotics via traditional manual techniques is directly impacted by the rising cost of skilled labor. Because of higher costs, it is becoming more difficult to acquire custom orthotics. Luckily, modern technology is poised to revolutionize the field.” (p 2)
“ The two leading technologies for this are 3D printing (or similar technologies such as laser sintering) and CNC Milling.” (p 9)
“Our testing was limited to 3 tests and evaluating the tests relied upon subjective opinion. Additionally, the tests only inquired about comfort, fit, and similarity to current orthotics made by the manual traditional means. No emphasis was placed on biomechanics which is of critical importance in orthotic prescription. Thus, the orthotics yielded by the current system are not yet worthy of clinical implementation.” (p 10)
Assessment/Evaluation of Source:
The article’s source is Computer-Aided Design & Applications and the authors are known to have a deep knowledge of biomechanics. The collection of books is also credible because my teacher recommended it, and it is found in the reference section of the school library.
Reflection:
I will use this article to continue researching technologies used to facilitate the processes of producing and designing orthotics. I will support this information using text support found within the article. This research will allow me to expand my interest and explore the advancements happening in the biomedical engineering pathway today.
Source/ Bibliography:
Lochner, Samuel J., et al. “Parametric Design of Custom Foot Orthotic Model.” Computer-Aided Design & Applications, vol. 9, no.1, Jan. 2012, pp.1-11. EBSCOhost, doi:10.3722/cadaps.2012.1-11.
Summary:
Orthotics are devices used to treat numerous different medical issues pertaining to overall biomechanics, particularly issues in the foot. This common practice is very tedious and requires a deep level of knowledge. It is a very difficult process when completed manually, therefore, over the past few years technological advances have begun to replace the manual labor. In this article, the process of the digital analysis of the foot is described in detail and the advantages and disadvantages of the current technology used for foot orthotics is discussed. The article concluded that although the current technology is not accurate enough for medical implementation, the benefits of replacing manual labor include facilitating the processes in which orthotics are both designed and produced.
Potential Quotes:
“ Consequently, the cost of manufacturing orthotics via traditional manual techniques is directly impacted by the rising cost of skilled labor. Because of higher costs, it is becoming more difficult to acquire custom orthotics. Luckily, modern technology is poised to revolutionize the field.” (p 2)
“ The two leading technologies for this are 3D printing (or similar technologies such as laser sintering) and CNC Milling.” (p 9)
“Our testing was limited to 3 tests and evaluating the tests relied upon subjective opinion. Additionally, the tests only inquired about comfort, fit, and similarity to current orthotics made by the manual traditional means. No emphasis was placed on biomechanics which is of critical importance in orthotic prescription. Thus, the orthotics yielded by the current system are not yet worthy of clinical implementation.” (p 10)
Assessment/Evaluation of Source:
The article’s source is Computer-Aided Design & Applications and the authors are known to have a deep knowledge of biomechanics. The collection of books is also credible because my teacher recommended it, and it is found in the reference section of the school library.
Reflection:
I will use this article to continue researching technologies used to facilitate the processes of producing and designing orthotics. I will support this information using text support found within the article. This research will allow me to expand my interest and explore the advancements happening in the biomedical engineering pathway today.
Annotated Bibliography 2:
Source/Bibliography:
Bennett, James P. Physical Therapy : Theory, Practices, and Benefits. Nova Science Publishers, Inc, 2010. EBSCOhost, proxygsu-sfor.galileo.usg.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=376655&site=eds-live&scope=site.
Summary:
In this informative article, Physical Therapy: Theory, practices, and benefits, I annotated the preface. The preface gives a quick overview of what to expect of the article and the individual chapter summaries within it. Chapter one is an introduction which discusses long term pain through a study which concludes that “somatocognitive therapy is efficient in improving motor function, pain load and psychological distress in women with CPP” (Bennett). In chapter 2 a conclusion is derived which says “it may be concluded that stress increases are associated with delayed episodic pain flares and pronounced sensory and effective responses to pain occurring ten days later in patients with FS”(Bennett). Chapter 3 discusses the idea that breathing patterns are often time skimmed over and not paid much attention to. Physiotherapists are being looked into in hopes of some sort of better treatment for individuals with irregular breathing patterns. Chapter 4 discusses the importance of collaboration between physical therapists and surgeons when dealing with post-operative patients. Chapter 5 discusses the effects muscle weakness has on neurological impairments. Isokinetic strategies are being looked into to help strengthen and evaluate patient’s weaknesses. In chapter 6 informs readers of the use of mirrors during physical therapy. It is said that mirrors help to control body movements and posture.
Potential Quotes:
This preface offers potential quotes that can be used for future research papers such as,
“somatocognitive therapy is efficient in improving motor function, pain load and psychological distress in women with CPP.”
“it may be concluded that stress increases are associated with delayed episodic pain flares and pronounced sensory and affective responses to pain occurring ten days later in patients with FS”.
Assessment/Evaluation of Source:
This book, Physical Therapy: Theory, Practices, and Benefits, was published by Nova Science Publishers. This publishing facility has a reputation of being trusted and has published numerous science books, journals and series according to the novasciencepublishers.org/history. Typically, websites ending in “.org” are valid, however, somewhat bias. This bias seems to be present, however, not extreme.
Reflection:
I will potentially use this book excerpt to learn more about different types of therapy and different conditions in which they are implemented. This book holds information on what kinds of impairments can be treated through the use of therapy which directly relates to my essential question.
Source/Bibliography:
Bennett, James P. Physical Therapy : Theory, Practices, and Benefits. Nova Science Publishers, Inc, 2010. EBSCOhost, proxygsu-sfor.galileo.usg.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=376655&site=eds-live&scope=site.
Summary:
In this informative article, Physical Therapy: Theory, practices, and benefits, I annotated the preface. The preface gives a quick overview of what to expect of the article and the individual chapter summaries within it. Chapter one is an introduction which discusses long term pain through a study which concludes that “somatocognitive therapy is efficient in improving motor function, pain load and psychological distress in women with CPP” (Bennett). In chapter 2 a conclusion is derived which says “it may be concluded that stress increases are associated with delayed episodic pain flares and pronounced sensory and effective responses to pain occurring ten days later in patients with FS”(Bennett). Chapter 3 discusses the idea that breathing patterns are often time skimmed over and not paid much attention to. Physiotherapists are being looked into in hopes of some sort of better treatment for individuals with irregular breathing patterns. Chapter 4 discusses the importance of collaboration between physical therapists and surgeons when dealing with post-operative patients. Chapter 5 discusses the effects muscle weakness has on neurological impairments. Isokinetic strategies are being looked into to help strengthen and evaluate patient’s weaknesses. In chapter 6 informs readers of the use of mirrors during physical therapy. It is said that mirrors help to control body movements and posture.
Potential Quotes:
This preface offers potential quotes that can be used for future research papers such as,
“somatocognitive therapy is efficient in improving motor function, pain load and psychological distress in women with CPP.”
“it may be concluded that stress increases are associated with delayed episodic pain flares and pronounced sensory and affective responses to pain occurring ten days later in patients with FS”.
Assessment/Evaluation of Source:
This book, Physical Therapy: Theory, Practices, and Benefits, was published by Nova Science Publishers. This publishing facility has a reputation of being trusted and has published numerous science books, journals and series according to the novasciencepublishers.org/history. Typically, websites ending in “.org” are valid, however, somewhat bias. This bias seems to be present, however, not extreme.
Reflection:
I will potentially use this book excerpt to learn more about different types of therapy and different conditions in which they are implemented. This book holds information on what kinds of impairments can be treated through the use of therapy which directly relates to my essential question.
Annotated Bibliography 3:
Source/Bibliography:
Scharoun, Sara, et al. "Dance/Movement Therapy as an Intervention for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders." American Journal of Dance Therapy, vol. 36, no. 2, Dec. 2014, pp. 209-228. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1007/s10465-014-9179-0.
Summary:
In this journal, dance/movement therapy is discussed thoroughly in the process of improving the motor skills of children with autism. The goal of the therapy is ‘‘making emotional contact with removed and/or autistic children; building the body image of the child; facilitating cognitive aspects of development; developing self-control and physical
mastery as well as meaningful self-expression; and facilitating social interaction’’ (Scharoun, 218). These therapy sessions have the most successful outcomes when the session is one on one with the patient and therapist. This atmosphere encourages a relationship of trust to form and with that in place, the patient is more likely to listen and cooperate with the therapist. Dance/movement therapy is designed to "promote movement development and encourage social skills" (Scharoun, 219). The author references a specific case in which the therapy was shown to increase motor skills dramatically to support the success of the therapy.
Potential Quotes:
‘‘making emotional contact with removed and/or autistic children; building the body image of the child; facilitating cognitive aspects of development; developing self-control and physical mastery as well as meaningful self-expression; and facilitating social interaction’’
"Patricia demonstrated vast improvement in all areas of movement and behavior, enabling her transfer from a special education center, where the DMT program was housed, for integration into a community school."
"At the end of the intervention, the child had a notable increase in tolerance for physical touch and eye contact, moved in synchrony with the therapist and presented fewer behaviors characteristic of ASD."
"Overall, similar observations from varying one-on-one interventions highlight the
utility of DMT with children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. "
Assessment/ Evaluation of Source:
The link to the academic journal being annotated indicates a valid source which is observed through the ".edu" in the link. This means the source is an educational source therefore, the source is valid.
Reflection:
This journal relates to my research because while observing an occupational therapist, I am able to witness a therapy type very similar to dance/movement therapy. In occupational therapy, there are various different movements used to strengthen motor skills. Another skill I am able to watch patients work on is social skills. There are a lot of movements the patients must complete by following directions carefully, and in the process, the patients are acquiring social skills. The journal also emphasizes one on one sessions, which the occupational therapist I observe practices. The relationships built are filled with trust and this is shown through difficult tasks that may make the patient feel nervous or uncomfortable being completed because of the therapist's motivation. There are times, however, where two patients are brought together to practice their social skills and put the therapy to the test. This article emphasizes all the key points I am able to observe by watching an occupational therapist at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta.
Source/Bibliography:
Scharoun, Sara, et al. "Dance/Movement Therapy as an Intervention for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders." American Journal of Dance Therapy, vol. 36, no. 2, Dec. 2014, pp. 209-228. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1007/s10465-014-9179-0.
Summary:
In this journal, dance/movement therapy is discussed thoroughly in the process of improving the motor skills of children with autism. The goal of the therapy is ‘‘making emotional contact with removed and/or autistic children; building the body image of the child; facilitating cognitive aspects of development; developing self-control and physical
mastery as well as meaningful self-expression; and facilitating social interaction’’ (Scharoun, 218). These therapy sessions have the most successful outcomes when the session is one on one with the patient and therapist. This atmosphere encourages a relationship of trust to form and with that in place, the patient is more likely to listen and cooperate with the therapist. Dance/movement therapy is designed to "promote movement development and encourage social skills" (Scharoun, 219). The author references a specific case in which the therapy was shown to increase motor skills dramatically to support the success of the therapy.
Potential Quotes:
‘‘making emotional contact with removed and/or autistic children; building the body image of the child; facilitating cognitive aspects of development; developing self-control and physical mastery as well as meaningful self-expression; and facilitating social interaction’’
"Patricia demonstrated vast improvement in all areas of movement and behavior, enabling her transfer from a special education center, where the DMT program was housed, for integration into a community school."
"At the end of the intervention, the child had a notable increase in tolerance for physical touch and eye contact, moved in synchrony with the therapist and presented fewer behaviors characteristic of ASD."
"Overall, similar observations from varying one-on-one interventions highlight the
utility of DMT with children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. "
Assessment/ Evaluation of Source:
The link to the academic journal being annotated indicates a valid source which is observed through the ".edu" in the link. This means the source is an educational source therefore, the source is valid.
Reflection:
This journal relates to my research because while observing an occupational therapist, I am able to witness a therapy type very similar to dance/movement therapy. In occupational therapy, there are various different movements used to strengthen motor skills. Another skill I am able to watch patients work on is social skills. There are a lot of movements the patients must complete by following directions carefully, and in the process, the patients are acquiring social skills. The journal also emphasizes one on one sessions, which the occupational therapist I observe practices. The relationships built are filled with trust and this is shown through difficult tasks that may make the patient feel nervous or uncomfortable being completed because of the therapist's motivation. There are times, however, where two patients are brought together to practice their social skills and put the therapy to the test. This article emphasizes all the key points I am able to observe by watching an occupational therapist at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta.